Reformulation Of Restorative Justice Arragements That Oriented Towards Victim Protection
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.23887/jpss.v6i2.6055Keywords:
Restorative Justice, Victims’ Rights, Indonesian Criminal Code (KUHP), Legal Reform, Victim Protection, Normative Juridical ResearchAbstract
The newly enacted Indonesian Criminal Code (KUHP) introduces significant reforms, including the incorporation of restorative justice. This approach prioritizes resolving criminal cases through dialogue involving the offender, victim, families, and community, aiming for relationship restoration and substantive justice. Although its inclusion is a progressive step, the current regulation remains limited particularly in its lack of victim-centered orientation. This normative juridical research explores: (1) the construction of victims' rights in the restorative justice framework under the new KUHP; (2) weaknesses in current restorative justice regulations within Indonesia’s positive law; and (3) reformulation strategies to ensure victim protection. Findings show that restorative justice in the KUHP lacks clear standards for victim protection, such as the right to refuse, to receive consultation, and to obtain legal or psychological support. Its fragmented, sectoral application across institutions causes inconsistencies in interpretation and practice, ultimately hindering the fulfillment of victims’ rights.
References
[1] Dicey, A.V.: Introduction to The Study of The Law of The Constitution. Elibron Classics, London (2013) p.100
[2] Arief, B.N.: Masalah Penegakan Hukum dan Kebijakan Hukum Pidana dalam Penanggulangan Kejahatan. Kencana Media Group, Jakarta (2007) pp.78–79
[3] Muladi, Arief, B.N.: Teori-teori dan Kebijakan Pidana. Alumni, Bandung (1998) p.25
[4] Azhar, A.F.: Penerapan konsep keadilan restoratif (restorative justice) dalam sistem peradilan pidana di Indonesia. Mahkamah: Jurnal Kajian Hukum Islam 4(2), 135 (2019)
[5] Hiariej, E.O.S.: Prinsip-Prinsip Hukum Pidana, Edisi Revisi. Cahaya Atma Pustaka, Yogyakarta (2020) p.38
[6] Aryaputra, M.I., Triwati, A.: Arah kebijakan sistem pemidanaan bagi korporasi dalam KUHP nasional. Jurnal Masalah-Masalah Hukum 52(2), 210 (2023)
[7] Failin: Sistem pidana dan pemidanaan di dalam pembaharuan hukum pidana Indonesia. Jurnal Cendekia Hukum 3(1), 15 (2017)
[8] Arief, B.N.: Bunga Rampai Kebijakan Hukum Pidana: Perkembangan Konsep KUHP Baru. Prenadamedia Group, Jakarta (2017) p.30
[9] Soekanto, S., Mamudj, S.: Penelitian Hukum Normatif: Suatu Tinjauan Singkat. Raja Grafindo Persada, Jakarta (2001) pp.13–14
[10] Herlambang, Z.J.F., Rahmasari, H.: Kejahatan memperkaya diri sendiri secara melawan hukum (illicit enrichment) dan aparatur sipil negara: Sebuah kajian kritis. Jurnal Rechtsvinding 11(2), 250 (2022)
[11] Herman, D.H.J.: Restorative justice and retributive justice: An opportunity for cooperation or an occasion for conflict in the search for justice. Seattle Journal for Social Justice 16(1), 170 (2017)
[12] Marshall, T.: Restorative justice in Britain. In: Messenger, H., Otto, H. (eds.) Restorative Justice on Trial: Pitfalls and Potentials of Victim-Offender Mediation – International, pp. 15–28. Kluwer Academic Publications
[13] Ariefulloh, A., Nugroho, H., Angkasa, A., Ardhanariswari, R.: Restorative justice-based criminal case resolution in Salatiga, Indonesia: Islamic law perspective and legal objectives. Ijtihad: Jurnal Wacana Hukum Islam dan Kemanusiaan 23(1), 22 (2023)
[14] Agustina, V., Tisnata, H.S., Muhtadi: Restorative justice as an effort to fulfill the constitutional rights of citizens. Jurnal Konstitusi 21(2), 17 (2024)
[15] Akbar, M.F.: Pembaharuan keadilan restoratif dalam sistem peradilan pidana Indonesia. Jurnal Masalah-Masalah Hukum 51(2), 207 (2022)
[16] Flora, H.S.: Pendekatan restorative justice dalam penyelesaian perkara pidana dalam sistem peradilan pidana di Indonesia. Jurnal Law Pro Justitia 2(2), 48 (2017)
[17] Chandra, S.: Restorative justice: Suatu tinjauan terhadap pembaharuan hukum pidana di Indonesia. Jurnal Rechtsvinding: Media Pembinaan Hukum Nasional 2(2), 264 (2023)
[18] Mendelsohn, B.: Victimology and Contemporary Society Trends. Viano, E. (ed.) Visage Press, Washington DC (1974) p.11
[19] Paul, Z.S.: Victimologi Studies at Victims. Pravani Fakultet, Zagreb (1985) p.43
[20] Angkasa: Viktimologi. PT RajaGrafindo Persada, Depok (2020) p.73
[21] Yuniati, N.: Perlindungan hukum terhadap korban kejahatan. Jurnal Ilmu Hukum, Humaniora, dan Politik 4(6), 2420 (2024)
[22] Hartono, B.: Analisis keadilan restoratif (restorative justice) dalam konteks ultimum remedium sebagai penyelesaian. Jurnal Pranata Hukum 10(2), 23 (2016)
[23] Friedman, L.M.: The Legal System: A Social Science Perspective. Russell Sage Foundation, New York (1975) pp.12–16
[24] Sudarto: Hukum dan Hukum Pidana. PT Alumni, Bandung (2007) pp.192–193
[25] Reksodiputro, M.: Kemajuan Pembangunan Ekonomi dan Kejahatan. Pusat Pelayanan Keadilan dan Pengabdian Hukum, Lembaga Kriminologi UI, Jakarta (1994) pp.37–38
[26] Mahmud, A.: Model victim offender mediation dalam penyelesaian korupsi dengan kerugian negara kategori ringan. Jurnal Masalah-Masalah Hukum 53(1), 38 (2023)
