DEVELOPING AN ONLINE FLIPBOOK FOR FACILITATING READING ACTIVITY IN AN INCLUSIVE CLASS AT THE FOURTH GRADE OF SDN 2 BENGKALA
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Abstract
This study aims to develop an interactive digital flipbook integrating visual elements, sign language, animations, and structured reading materials to enhance reading comprehension and engagement among fourth-grade students in an inclusive classroom. Specifically, this research explores the types of English reading media needed by inclusive students, the design of the flipbook for inclusive classroom use, its content validity, and its practicality. The study employed the ADDIE development model, which includes the phases of Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation. Data collection involved various instruments such as a need analysis interview guide, teacher and student interview guides, a researcher journal, a product development progress sheet, expert judgment sheets, and practicality questionnaires. The need analysis revealed that inclusive students, particularly those who are deaf and mute, require reading media that is visually rich, interactive, and accessible, with support such as sign language and minimal text complexity. The flipbook was designed with English reading activities, sign language integration, interactive elements, optional audio narration and the final product integrates audio, visuals, animations, and interactive elements to create a comprehensive and inclusive learning experience. The Flipbook not only supports the development of English reading skills but also promotes Pancasila values and national identity. Validation from content experts yielded an average score of 4.875 for content expert judgment and 4.6 for media expert judgment, categorized as "Very Good," indicating that the content was relevant, accessible, and supportive of inclusive learning goals. Practicality tests showed an average score of 4.38 from students and 4.5 from teachers, indicating that the flipbook was easy to use, engaging, and effective in improving reading comprehension. These findings highlight the potential of multimodal flipbooks as a valuable tool in inclusive education to improve learning access and outcomes for students with special needs.
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References
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Chau, P. Y. K. (1996). An Empirical Assessment of a Modified Technology Acceptance Model. Journal of Management Information Systems, 13(2), 185–204.
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Fotiadis, T. (2020). Teaching students with special needs through digital media at universities (Guidebook). https://www.researchgate.net/publication/369762913
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Lakapu, P. A. , Djara, J. I. , Lakapu, D. E. , & Debrina A. Nifus. (2023). The Application Of Flip Book Media to Increasing Elementary Children’s Learning Interest. International Journal of Educational Science and Development, 1(1).
Lederberg, A. R., Schick, B. , & Spencer, P. E. (2013). Language and literacy development of deaf and hard-of-hearing children: successes and challenges. Developmental Psychology, 49(1), 15.
Legramante, D., Azevedo, A., & Azevedo, J. M. (2023). Integration of the technology acceptance model and the information systems success model in the analysis of Moodle’s satisfaction and continuity of use. International Journal of Information and Learning Technology, 40(5), 467–484. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJILT-12-2022-0231
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Lubis, R. , Bundu, P. , & Gani, H. A. (2024). Development of a learning model for islamic religious education based on a flipbook e-module for junior high school student achievement. . . Journal of Multidisciplinary Academic and Practice Studies, 2(2).
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Mastuti, D. L., Syahadati, E., & Pgri Pontianak, I. (2020). SeBaSa Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa dan Sastra Indonesia THE DEVELOPMENT OF INDONESIAN TEACHING MEDIA FOR CHILDREN WITH SPECIAL NEEDS. http://e-journal.hamzanwadi.ac.id/index.php/sbs
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Miles, M. B., & Huberman, A. M. (2014). Qualitative data analysis (illustrate). SAGE.
Muzakki Zein, A., Muhith, A., & Sapto Wahono, S. (2024a). Journal of Elementary Education Digital Flipbook-Based Learning Media Design in Integrated Thematic Learning on the Theme of Growth and Development of Living Things in Class III Inclusive Elementary School. In Attadib: Journal of Elementary Education SINTA (Vol. 8, Issue 1).
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Al-Gahtani, S. S. (2016a). Empirical investigation of e-learning acceptance and assimilation: A structural equation model. Applied Computing and Informatics, 12(1), 27–50. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aci.2014.09.001
Al-Gahtani, S. S. (2016b). Empirical investigation of e-learning acceptance and assimilation: A structural equation model. Applied Computing and Informatics, 12(1), 27–50. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aci.2014.09.001
Alpiyah, A. , Ambarita, A. , & Pargito, P. (2021). The development of environmentbased picture storybooks to increase the fourth grade students’ reading interest.
Amri, U., Rifma, R., & Syahril, S. (2021). Konsistensi Kebijakan Pendidikan di Indonesia. EDUKATIF : JURNAL ILMU PENDIDIKAN, 3(5), 2200–2205. https://doi.org/10.31004/edukatif.v3i5.778
Andrews, J. F., Hamilton, B., Dunn, K. M., & Clark, M. D. (2016). Early Reading for Young Deaf and Hard of Hearing Children. Alternative Frameworks. Psychology, 7(4), 510–522. https://doi.org/10.4236/psych.2016.74052
Arif, W. N., Herlina, H., & Nopprima, A. L. (n.d.). PENINGKATAN PEMBUATAN KERIPIK PISANG MELALUI PELATIHAN IMPROVEMENT OF BANANA CHIPS THROUGH VOCATIONAL TRAINING FOR DEAF CHILDREN GRADE IX AT KURNIA PONCOWATI.
Bahri, A. , & Ulviani, M. (2023). Pengaruh Penggunaan Media Flip Book Dalam Meningkatkan Minat Belajar Bahasa Indonesia Siswa Kelas V SD Inpres Samata Kecamatan Somba Opu Kabupaten Gowa. 1(3). https://doi.org/10.61132/bima.v1i3.103
Bintoro, S., Suryana, D., & Hidayat, A. (2023). The teacher strategies in teaching sign language for deaf students in inclusive classroom. Cogent Education, 10(1).
Chau, P. Y. K. (1996). An Empirical Assessment of a Modified Technology Acceptance Model. Journal of Management Information Systems, 13(2), 185–204.
Enu-Kwesi, F., & Opoku, M. O. (2020). Relevance of the technology acceptance model (TAM) in information management research: a review of selected empirical evidence. Pressacademia, 7(1), 34–44. https://doi.org/10.17261/pressacademia.2020.1186
Escobar Fandiño, & Silva Velandia, A. J. (2020). How an online tutor motivates E-learning English. Heliyon, 6(8). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e04630
Fotiadis, T. (2020). Teaching students with special needs through digital media at universities (Guidebook). https://www.researchgate.net/publication/369762913
Friska, Y. (2023). Inclusive English Class in Higher Education: A Challenge. In Journal of Education Research (Vol. 4, Issue 4).
Grabe, W., & Stoller, F. L. (2019). Teaching and researching reading. Routledge.
Gregory, R. J. (2015a). Psychological Testing History, Principles, and Applications. Pearson Education Inc.
Gregory, R. J. (2015b). Psychological Testing History, Principles, and Applications. Pearson Education Inc.
Hall, M. L., Hall, W. C., & Caselli, N. K. (2019). Deaf children need language, not (just) speech. First Language, 39(4), 367–395.
Hasanah Lubis, L., Febriani, B. , Fitra Yana, R., Azhar, A. , & Darajat, M. (2023). The Use of Learning Media and its Effect on Improving the Quality of Student Learning Outcomes. Journal Of Education, Social Studies, And Management (IJESSM), 3(2), 7–14. https://doi.org/10.52121/ijessm.v3i2.148
Hastiwi, F., Khasanah, U., Wahyuningsih, S., Dahlan, U. A., & Kleco, S. M. (2023). Kalam Cendekia: Jurnal Ilmiah Kependidikan Peningkatan Keaktifan Dan Hasil Belajar IPAS Menggunakan Model Problem Based Learning Kelas IV SD Muhammadiyah Kleco 2 Tahun Ajaran 2022/2023.
H.Douglas Brown. (2000). [H._Douglas_Brown]_Teaching_by_Principles,_Second_(BookFi.org).pdf. In Teaching by Principles An Interactive Approach to Language Pedagogy (p. 491).
Kemendikbud. (2018). Indonesia Educational Statistics In Brief.
Kementrian PPN/Bappenas. (2018). PENGEMBANGAN DIGITAL GOVERNMENT (Vol. 1). Dewan Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi Nasional.
Kusuma, C. S. D. (2017). Counteract hoax through reading interest motivation. Science (ICEBESS) Proceeding. Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta-Fakultas Ekonomi, 34–35.
Lakapu, P. A. , Djara, J. I. , Lakapu, D. E. , & Debrina A. Nifus. (2023). The Application Of Flip Book Media to Increasing Elementary Children’s Learning Interest. International Journal of Educational Science and Development, 1(1).
Lederberg, A. R., Schick, B. , & Spencer, P. E. (2013). Language and literacy development of deaf and hard-of-hearing children: successes and challenges. Developmental Psychology, 49(1), 15.
Legramante, D., Azevedo, A., & Azevedo, J. M. (2023). Integration of the technology acceptance model and the information systems success model in the analysis of Moodle’s satisfaction and continuity of use. International Journal of Information and Learning Technology, 40(5), 467–484. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJILT-12-2022-0231
Liu, S. , Sui, Y. , You, Z. , Shi, J. , Wang, Z. , & Zhong, C. (2023). Reading better with AR or print picture books? A quasi-experiment on primary school students’ reading comprehension, story retelling and reading motivation. Education and Information Technologies, 1–20.
Lubis, R. , Bundu, P. , & Gani, H. A. (2024). Development of a learning model for islamic religious education based on a flipbook e-module for junior high school student achievement. . . Journal of Multidisciplinary Academic and Practice Studies, 2(2).
Masitoh, S. (2021). Siti masitoh nim: 17551064.
Mastuti, D. L., Syahadati, E., & Pgri Pontianak, I. (2020). SeBaSa Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa dan Sastra Indonesia THE DEVELOPMENT OF INDONESIAN TEACHING MEDIA FOR CHILDREN WITH SPECIAL NEEDS. http://e-journal.hamzanwadi.ac.id/index.php/sbs
Mayer, R. E. (2012a). Multimedia Learning. Encyclopedia of the Sciences of Learning, 41, 2372–2375. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-1428-6_285
Mayer, R. E. (2012b). Multimedia Learning. Encyclopedia of the Sciences of Learning, 41, 2372–2375. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-1428-6_285
Meinzen-Derr J., Wiley, S. , Grether, S. , Phillips, J., Choo, D., Hibner, J., & Barnard, H. (2014). Functional communication of children who are deaf or hard-of-hearing. Journal of Developmental & Behavioral Pediatrics, 35(3), 197–206.
Miles, M. B., & Huberman, A. M. (2014). Qualitative data analysis (illustrate). SAGE.
Muzakki Zein, A., Muhith, A., & Sapto Wahono, S. (2024a). Journal of Elementary Education Digital Flipbook-Based Learning Media Design in Integrated Thematic Learning on the Theme of Growth and Development of Living Things in Class III Inclusive Elementary School. In Attadib: Journal of Elementary Education SINTA (Vol. 8, Issue 1).
Muzakki Zein, A., Muhith, A., & Sapto Wahono, S. (2024b). Journal of Elementary Education Digital Flipbook-Based Learning Media Design in Integrated Thematic Learning on the Theme of Growth and Development of Living Things in Class III Inclusive Elementary School. In Attadib: Journal of Elementary Education SINTA (Vol. 8, Issue 1).
Nirmala, I., Ilmi, N. , & Fahrullah. (2022). Encouraging Community Reading Interest through Digital Libraries in Karawang Regency. Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Bestari, 1(9), 1017–1024. https://doi.org/10.55927/jpmb.v1i9.2059
Nur, F., & Kurniawati, A. (2022). MENINJAU PERMASALAHAN RENDAHNYA KUALITAS PENDIDIKAN DI INDONESIA DAN SOLUSI. In AoEJ: Academy of Education Journal (Vol. 13, Issue 1).
Nur Rianto Al Arif, & Euis Amalia. (2010). Teori Mikroekonomi: Suatu Perbandingan Ekonomi Islam dan Ekonomi Konvensional (Pertama). Kencana.
Nurkencana, W., & Sunartana, P. P. (1992). Education Evaluation. Usaha Nasional.
Ogunsola, L. A. (2005). Information and communication technologies and the effects of globalization: Twenty-first century “digital slavery” for developing countries—Myth or reality?
Pramesti, A. S. A., Khairiyah, N. A., Rahmah, E. S., Putri, N. A. P. I., & Setyowati, L. (2023). Exploring the Teaching of English in an inclusive classroom: a Case Study. Linguista: Jurnal Ilmiah Bahasa, Sastra, Dan Pembelajarannya, 7(1), 35–46. https://doi.org/10.25273/linguista.v7i1.18994
Prawiyogi, A. G. , Fitri, A. , & Suhardiman, S. (2020). Use Of Big Book Media Towards Interest In Reading Elementary School Students. International Journal of Theory and Application in Elementary and Secondary School Education, 2(1). https://doi.org/10.31098/ijtaese.v2i1.164
Puspita, C., & Handayani, T. (2024). Pengaruh Endorsment Influencer Instagram Terhadap Keputusan Pembelian pada Generasi Z: Studi Empiris. Al Qalam: Jurnal Ilmiah Keagamaan Dan Kemasyarakatan, 18(5), 3632. https://doi.org/10.35931/aq.v18i5.3995
Puspitasari, D. (2019). English Language Teaching in Inclusive Class: a Challenge (Vol. 11, Issue 1).
Ramadanti, A. (2022). Education and Human Development Journal Media for Teaching English to Children with Mental Retardation. Tahun, 7(1). https://doi.org/10.33086/ehdj.v7i1.2713
Ratnasari, D. H., & Nugraheni, N. (2024). PENINGKATAN KUALITAS PENDIDIKAN DI INDONESIA DALAM MEWUJUDKAN PROGRAM SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS (SDGS). Jurnal Citra Pendidikan, 4(2), 1652–1665. https://doi.org/10.38048/jcp.v4i2.3622
Richards, J. C. (2005). Communicative language teaching today. SEAMEO Regional Language Centre .
Robiatul, L. , & Basri, M. (2023). The Use of Word Card Media for Letter Recognition in Early Students. Scaffolding: Jurnal Pendidikan Islam Dan Multikulturalisme, 5(1).
Said, I., Bulsink, A., & Dekker, M. (n.d.). Speech, Language, and Swallowing Difficulties in Neurology: A Sub-Saharan African Perspective. Handbook of Speech-Language Therapy in Sub-Saharan Africa: Integrating Research and Practice.
Setyorini, R. , Saddhono, K. , Ermanto, Wildan, M. , & Kirom, S. (2019). The Effort of Implementing of the Big Book as A Media to Improve the Intelligence of Linguistic Verbals for Early Childhood. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1339(1). https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1339/1/012087
Shield, A. , Knapke, K. , Henry, M. , Srinivasan, S. , & Bhat, A. (2017). Impaired praxis in gesture imitation by deaf children with autism spectrum disorder. Autism & Developmental Language Impairments, 2.
Siahaan, M. K. (2022). Education For Children With Special Needs. The Explora. 8(2). https://doi.org/10.51622/explora.v8i2.642
Simanullang, M., & Sinaga, R. T. (2019). The Effect of Applying Scanning and Skimming Strategy on the Students’ Reading Comprehension of Grade Eight at SMP Negeri 3 Muara in Academic Year 2017/2018. Tapanuli Journals, 1(2), 332–342.
Snickars, P. , & Vonderau, P. (2012). Moving data: The iPhone and the future of media. Columbia University Press.
Sugiyono. (2019). Metodelogi Penelitian Kuantitatif dan Kualitatif Dan R&D. Alfa Beta.
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